Have you heard of "Dual Key" investments?
They are the poor cousin of the humble duplex – but unlike the duplex they make terrible investments.
While dual-key properties are a fairly recent concept in Australia and are mainly built in Queensland and aimed at investors who are looking for cash flow, they have long been a common style of dwelling in places such as Sweden, Japan and the United States. 
A dual-key property is effectively one main property, divided into two dwellings, but instead of two exactly mirrored units like a duplex, it is usually a house on one side with a unit on the other.
Think of it as the modern day version of a granny flat.
But while they offer cash flow, there are plenty of reasons to avoid them:
- Dual-key properties have been shown to offer limited capital growth. However, some dual-key properties may be convertible back to one large dwelling down the track
- Banks may have reservations in approving mortgages for this type of property.
- There is minimal demand for this type of property from home owners limiting the secondary resale market
Dual occupancy investment properties a high-risk endeavour
RiskWise CEO Doron Peleg warns against the dangers of this high-risk investment as more and more property developers turn to dual occupancy dwellings to maximise the potential of a block of land - and are now marketing these properties to investors.
Mr Peleg said while there were certainly some benefits to dual occupancy investment, in particular, improved cash flow and reduced maintenance costs, the risks associated with them were high.
While dual occupancy properties look similar to duplex developments, these are completely different assets as dual occupancy homes are on one formal title as opposed to two titles, with separate utilities.
“Investors are being tempted by high rental projections, promised great returns and the lure of financial independence, however, this type of property carries major risks,” he said.
“The problems could start when you apply for a loan, with a risk that the pre-settlement valuation will take into consideration the potential risk, and the formal valuation might be lower than the contractual purchase price.”
He said there was also a risk that lenders would introduce stronger lending requirements either in the form of greater deposits (lower LVR) and/or greater serviceability given dependency on a high rental income was the substance of the investment.
“You might also have a problem when you want to sell them as these properties are on one title, meaning there are two dwellings and you have to sell them jointly.
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“Also, these types of properties are largely sold to investors - whether both are rented out or whether one is rented and the other owner-occupied. Generally, at least one of them is an investment property.
“So there will be a very small number of owner-occupiers who want to buy them, as most want standalone houses on decent-sized blocks. Which means you are losing a major market segment, the owner-occupiers.
“In addition, renters also have a strong preference for standalone houses meaning, the demand by tenants for standalone houses is likely to be stronger and your rental pool is greatly reduced.”
He said the price of dual occupancy properties was in many cases 70 - 80 per cent or higher than the price of an off-the-plan standalone house in the same suburb, which put them in the top 5 per cent of the market and buyers at that price range preferred “houses in better places, with higher median prices”.
Pimpama, in Queensland, provides a good example of this, where the typical house-and-land package is $518,000 while some dual occupancy properties carry a price of $950,000.
This places the price for dual occupancy at 80 per cent higher than a house-and-land package.
It is also significantly above the top house price percentile for Pimpama, as the 90th percentile of house prices in Pimpama is $707,016 (meaning 90 per cent of all house prices in Pimpama are below this figure).
“The third risk is, in many cases, there is a large supply of similar properties, so you have over-saturation of the market and renters obviously have preference for a standalone house with a big backyard, so finding tenants can become problematic, which means your actual cash flow might be lower than the projected cash flow,” Mr Peleg said.
“In addition, potential changes to negative gearing and capital gains tax proposed under a Federal Labor government will see reduced demand to purchase rental properties due to the creation of primary and secondary markets - and this will cause dwelling prices to decline in some regions.
“The transfer of the property from you to another investor will effectively change its status from the primary to the secondary market, from a taxation perspective. This means that the same taxation benefits from a property (being the negative gearing and capital gains tax discount) would not be available to the next buyer. Therefore, the next buyer (if the proposed changes are implemented) will have higher out-of-pocket costs, and therefore will want to pay less for the property.”
